Castles of Valderas

The Castles of Valderas in Alcorcón, a southern suburb of Madrid, Spain, are a remarkable example of early 20th-century aristocratic architecture influenced by European styles. Commissioned in 1917 by José Sanchiz de Quesada, the Marquis of Vasto and locally known as the Marquis of Valderas, these castles represent a unique blend of Saxon architectural inspiration with a distant nod to the famed Chambord Castle in France. The complex originally consisted of three palatial structures: the main castle for the Marquis and his family, a smaller building serving as a private chapel, and another for the servants.

Architectural design and influences

The design of the Castles of Valderas was the work of architect Luis Sainz de los Terreros, who skillfully integrated Saxon stylistic elements into the construction, a rare choice in early 20th-century Spain. The main castle features imposing facades, steeply pitched roofs, and ornate detailing reminiscent of Northern European castles. The smaller buildings complement the main structure, with the chapel exhibiting ecclesiastical architectural features suited for private worship, while the servants' quarters were more modest but carefully constructed to maintain the overall harmony of the estate.

Historical significance and notable visitors

The Castles of Valderas quickly became a social and political hub due to their proximity to the royal hunting grounds of Venta de la Rubia. This location attracted prominent figures such as King Alfonso XIII and the dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera, who frequented the estate for hunting parties and social gatherings. These visits underscore the castles' importance as a symbol of aristocratic prestige and political influence during the early 20th century in Spain.

Role during the spanish civil war

With the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), the Castles of Valderas underwent a dramatic change in function. Initially abandoned, the main castle was soon occupied by Nationalist leaders Francisco Franco and Emilio Mola due to its strategic location near the front lines of Madrid. The castle served as a military headquarters during the offensives to capture the capital. Historical photographs from the National Library of Spain reveal military personnel conducting experiments with rockets designed to deliver propaganda leaflets over Republican lines, highlighting the castle's role in psychological warfare.

The ummo affair and cultural legacy

In 1967, the Castles of Valderas gained unexpected notoriety as the site of an alleged UFO sighting linked to the Ummo affair, a mysterious and controversial episode in Spanish ufology. This event added a layer of cultural intrigue to the castles' history, attracting interest from researchers and enthusiasts of unexplained phenomena. Despite this unusual chapter, the castles remain primarily celebrated for their architectural merit and historical connections.

Current status and preservation

Today, the Castles of Valderas stand as well-preserved examples of early 20th-century aristocratic residences in the Madrid region. Their association with notable historical figures and events, combined with their distinctive architectural style, make them significant cultural landmarks. While not as widely known internationally as other Spanish castles, they offer valuable insight into the social and political fabric of Spain during a turbulent era.

Visiting information and accessibility

Visitors to Alcorcón interested in Spanish history and architecture can appreciate the Castles of Valderas for their unique blend of styles and historical resonance. Although the castles are privately owned and access may be limited, the surrounding area offers opportunities to explore the heritage of the region. The castles' proximity to Madrid makes them accessible for day trips, providing a fascinating glimpse into Spain's aristocratic past and Civil War history.